Type-writing machine.



J. FELBEL.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

A PLIGATIONMLBD NOV.16, 1904.

INVE NTUR- 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patented Aug. 23, 1910.

WITNESSES- Patented Aug. 23, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

\NVENTUR:

NOE

J. FELBEL.

TYPE WRITING MAGHTNE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.16, 1904.

967,894. Patented Aqg. 23, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB FELBEL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 UNION rvrnwnit'rnnCOMPANY,

OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW) JERSEY.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

I Patented Aug. 23', 1910;

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jacon FELBEL, citizen of the United States, andresident of the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, in the county ofNew York and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Type-VVriting Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to typewriting machines and it has for itsprincipal object to provide an improved escapenient mechanism for suchmachines.

My invention consists in certain features of construction andcombinations and arrangements of parts, all as will be set forth hereinand particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a frout'to rear verticalsection of a typewriting machine in which my invention is embodied; Fig.2 is a rear elevation of the escapcincnt mechanism; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the dog rocker, with the rear dog removed; Fig. at is aperspective view of said rear dog; Figs. 5, (3, 7, 8 and 9 arediagrammatic top views of the escapement mechanism showing the parts inthe positions they occupy at different periods in the stroke of a key;Flgs. 10, 11, 12 and 13 are rear views partly in section showing theparts in the positions corresponding to Figs. (3-5) respectively; Figs.let and 15 are a rear elevation anda side elevation, respectively, ofanother form of my oscapement mechanism; Fig. 10 is a perspective viewof a dog forming part of the mechanism shown in l igs. l-land 15; Figs.17 and 18 are a. rear elevation and a side elevation, respectively, of athird form oi my oscapcmcut mechanism: and Figs. 15) and 20 are a sideView, partly in section, and a. back view, rospcclively. of a form of myinvent ion in which a straightt'cod rack is en'iployed.

My invention is applicable to typowriting machines generally, but ithere shown as applied to the Monarch :lront strike typewriter. The mainframe of this machine comprises a base portion 1 from \vhich'rise posts2. which support a. lop plate 3. Front strike type bars -l' arepivotally mounted on a segment and are connected by links (3 withsubdevers 7 which are pivoted to key lovers 8 having keys 9 mountedthereon.

Each of the sub-levers extends below its key lever and is formed with aslot which embraces a stationary rod 10. The construction is such thatwhen any key is depressed the type is thrown upward and backward againstthe front face of the platen 11. Said platen is mounted in the carriage12 which is slidably mounted on bars or rails 13 which are supportedbyposts 14 which rise from the top plate 3. The carriage is drawn acrossthe machine, rails 13, by the usual spring drum 13*, or said carriagemay be so drawn across the machine by any known or suitable powerdevice.

The carriage is provided with the usual rack bar 15 with which meshes apinion 16 which is rigidly mounted on the forward end of a shaft 17(Fig. 2), which is journaled in a housing 18, which is mounted on thetop plate of themachine. At its rear end the shaft 17 has a box or cap19 rigidly secured thereon by means of set screws 20 which are threadedthrough the hub 21 of said cap 19, and engage the shaft 17. A toothedescapement wheel 22 is mounted on the shaft 17 by the side of the cap19. So far as my invention is concerned, the escapement wheel may berigidly mounted on the shaft, orsaid escapement wheel may be looselymounted on the shaft as usual in typewriting-machines and may haverigidly connected thereto the usual ratchet wheel engaged by a pawl orpawls pivoted within the cap 19. The latter construction is e1n-.

ployed for the purpose of leaving the shaft 17 free to turn backwardwhen the carriage is moved to the right without turning the cscapementwheel. The dogs are mounted on a dog rocker or carrier which may consistof any to and fro moving part controlled by the keys. In the presentinstance the dog rocker consists of the usual rock shaft -23 having anupwardly extending arm 24 on which the dogs are mounted and a forwardlyextending arm 25 having laterally cxtending branches or arms 26 fromwhich depend links 27 which connect said arms with the universal bar 28which lies beneath the key levers 8. The rock shaft 23 is pivotallymounted in lugs or carswhich project from a bracket 29 which dependsfrom the top plate 3. The dog rocker 1s restored to normal position bythe usual sliding on the coiled spring 30, ,which-is-connected at oneend to the shaft" 23 and at "the other end 1 arm by a'pin 33 du a 1position shown in of the arm 24 which constitutes a stop for its pivotinto position to be moved into enfree end of which engages the dog.

stepping dog is or may be similar in cons'a'id dog. When the'dog rockeris rocked forward, the stepping dog is freed from the escapement rackand is thrown back about ga'gement with the next succeeding tooth ofthe' rack. This motion of the stepping dog is effected by a flat spring34 which is. secured tothe arm 24 by a screw 35 and the This structionand operation to that ordinarily used in the Remington machines The reardog is made part of a device 36 which preferably hasthe generalformshown in Fig. 4. Said device has a hub 37 which is journaled on a headedand shouldered screw 38 (Fig. 2) which is threaded into a hole 39 (Fig.3 in the rear face of the arm 24. The rear dog is thus pivoted to rockabout an axis which is substantially parallel tothe direction of motionof the dog rocker, and also to the axis of the esca ement wheel. Theconstruction *is such t at the dog vmoves back and forth with the dogcarrier toward and from the escapelnent wheel and is also free to movewith the escapement wheel by oscillating on the screw 38 as apivot. The

rear dog is moved in a direction contrary to that. in which it is movedby the escapement wheel by means of a spring 40 which is coiled aboutthe hub 37, and which at one end engages the pivoted device 36 and atthe other end presses against a pin 41 projecting from the arm 24. Themotion of the rear dog under the impulse of the spring 40 is adjustablylimited by a set screw 42 which is'threaded through a bracket 43 whichprojects rearwardly from the arm 24. The

screw 42 issecured in adjusted position by a lock nut 44.

'The device 36 has a forwardly extending portion 45, 46 whichconstitutes the holding dog, the part 45 of which is engaged by thescrew 42, the part 4-6 of the dog'being adapted to cooperate with theteeth of the escapement rack or wheel. The part 46 projectstowardfthefront of the machine above the arm 24. and, ;when tl1c rockeris rocked for wa'rd,"is engaged by a tooth of the escapement rack, asshown in Fig. 6. Then the rear dog 46 moves into the path of a tooth ofthe cscapement rack and the stepping 'to Figs. 5-13.

.controls the motion of vthe dog.

dog moves out of engagement with said tooth, the rear dog is momentarilyheld against motion with the escapement rack and said rack and thecarriage are thus momentarily held against motion by pressure due to thepressure of the linger on the key. This pressure may be applied in avariety of ways. In the instance illudtrated in Figs. 1-13, I haveprovided two pressure members, one of which consists of a pin or finger47 which has a threaded portion that is screwed into a threaded hole ina laterally extending arm 48 of the device 36 and which is provided witha lock nut 49. lVhen the dog rocker is in its forward position thepressure pin or finger 47 engages an in clined surface which preferablyconsists of the surface of the cap 19 which is beveled for the purpose,as shown in the drawing,

"haid beveled surface having the form of the frustuin of a cone. Theaction of these parts \Vlll be best understood by reference In Figs. 59one of the teeth of the escapenlentwheel 22 is shown in section and thegeneral position of the escapement wheel is indicated by dotted lines. Aportion of the cap 19 is indicated in section so as to show the mannerin which its inclined surface These figures of the drawing arediagrannnatic, and the top of the arm 24 is conveniently representedtherein by a rectangle, though this is not the precise form of said arm.Figs. l0-l3 are vertical sections of the parts looking from the rear ofthe machine, the section Ling taken just inside the lateral arm 48 ofthe device 36. The position of said arm is indicated by dotted lines.

In Fig. 5 the parts are shown in normal position "with the stepping dogin engagement with a tooth of the escapement rack.

In Figs. 6 and 10 the parts are shown in the position they occupy at theend of the clown-stroke of the key, the steppingtdog 31 being disengagedfrom the escapenient rack and the rear dog being in engagement with saidrack and being held against motion with said rack by the engagement ofthe pin 47 with the inclined surface of the cap 19. It will be perceivedby an inspection of Fig. 6 that as long as the pressure on the key ismaintained the pressure between the pin 47 and the cap 19 will preventthe horizontally pivoted rear dog from moving toward the left, as viewedfrom the back of the machine, under the impulse of the escapement wheel.The instant this pressure is relaxed the escapement wheel begins tomove, pressing the rear dog toward the left about its pivot 38 andagainst the tension of its returning spring 40. In thus moving towardthelet't the rear dogjs controlled or guided by the inclined surface ofthe cap it) in an oblique path, as \Vlll bc nndcn its stood by Figs. 7and 8 which show the parts in two intermediate positions on the. returnmovement of the rocker, and Fig. which shows the parts at the instantwhen the rear dog is about to be freed from the escapement rack. It willbe perceived that as soon as the dog rocker begins its return motion theescapement-rack begins to move, impelled by the spring druni whichactuates the carriage. It will be seen that it is impossible for therear dog to let go of a tooth of the escapement rack before. thestepping dog has been moved toward the back of the.

machine into the path of the next succeeding tooth of the rack. As soonas the rear dog moves free of the escapement rack, it is re turned bythe spring 10 to its normal position in engagement with the stop 42. Onthe forward stroke of the dog rocker the rear clog moves directly towardthe escapement. rack, but on the return stroke of said rocker said dogis guided in an oblique path away from said rack. The presentescapenient is ext imely rapid, as the carriage is free to begin itsmotion the instant the pressure on the key is relaxed, which, as wili beunderstood, is a great desideratum.

The form of the invention shown in Figs. 1e, and 16 is identical inprinciple with that shown in the other figures of the drawing,l utdiffers slightly in details of construction. A teeth 50 which engagesthe escapement rack proj cts toward the front of the machine froni acurved arm 51 which projects from a ho; or sleeve. 52 which is journaledon the screi 38 and is siurounded by the spring 40 in the same manner asthe hub 37. The stop screw 42 engages the curved arm 51 to limit themotion of the parts under the impulse of the spring 40. The pressure pin47 is threaded through a. hole 53 in another curved arm 5*] whichprojects from the hub orslcevc 52. This pin or finger engages theinclined or frusto-conical surface of the cap 19 in the same manner asin the other form. in other respects the construction is substantiallyidentical with that above described.

. In Figs. 17 and 18, l have shown a third form of my invention. A capor wheel 19 rigidly mounted on the end of the shaft iii, being sccurmiby set screws 20' which are threaded through a hub 21 of said cap andengage said shaft. The cap 19 is not beveled. but is cylindrical, andhas a. flat rear face. A devicc similar to the device 3i), -1')l'.'1)it?tl on the screw and is normally pressed against the stop Screw4-22 by a spring it) in the same manner as in the first form abovedescribed. The device 36' has a forwardly projecting part "16 which isadapted to engage thc teeth of the escape inent wheel and whichcoi'istitutes the rear or holding dog. The device. 36 has an arm. a8which carries a pressure pin or finger 47 which has a. threaded portionwhich is threaded through a hole 1n the arm 48 and which is alsoprovided with a lock nut '49, all of these parts being similar to theagainst the face of the wheel 19 by the pressure applied to the key, andas long as such pressure is maintained, the cscapentent wheel andcarriage will be held against motion by the friction between thepressure pin and the Wheel. The tendency of the parts to more under theimpulse of the carriage spring is resisted by this friction in two ways.in the first place, the pin 47 acts as a brake on the wheel 19 and thisalone might be sullicient' to hold the parts. It is to be noted thatsaid pin engages said wheel at a distance from the of said wheel greaterthan the radius of the pinion 16 (Fig. 1), which gives the brake acertain mechanical advantage over, or leverage on the carriage spring.The friction of the parts resists the carriage spring in the secondplace by virtue of the fact that the escapement wheel can turn only byrocking the device 36 about its pivot, which would drag the pressure pin47 across the face of the wheel 19, and this motion of said de-- vice 36is also resisted by friction. The pinv 47 acts as a brake on the wheel19, which also, through said pin, acts as a brake on the device 36 whichcarries the holding dog 46'. The carriage is free. to move the instantthe. pressure on the key is relaxed. Thisform of my cscapcnicnt isexceedingly rapid.

It will be perceived that the braking act'ion just described inconnection with Figs. 17 and 18, is also part of the operation of theforms of the invention shown in the other figures of the drawing, and inwhich one of the pressure nien'ihcrs has an inclined sur face. ln theform shown in Figs. ii and in, the carriage is momentarily held by thisbraking action alone: but in the other forms the parts arc also. heldpositively by tlnuiin clination of one of thc pressure members as longas the pressure on the key is main laiucd.

in Figs. l9 and 20, l haveshown a form of my invention in which astraight escapc nicnt rack (50 is employed instead of an escapcn'icntwheel. trlaid rack (30- is mounted .on the carriage in any suitablemanner.

The dog rocker is similar to that abovede- "Mos'tlof these parts aresimilar to the corresponding parts of the first form of the invention,but they are reversed in order to cooperate with rack teeth vwhich movetoward the right, as seen from the back of the machine, whereas in thefirst form these parts cooperate with rack teeth which move toward theleft. The arm 2st carries a step ping dog3l" which is pivoted on a pin33". A device 36, corresponding to the device 36, has a hub which isjournaled on a shouldered and headed screw 38" which is threaded intothe arm 24". Said device 36 has a forwardly. projecting portion 46 whichconstitutes the holding dog, and an arm. 48 in the end of which issecured the ad-- justable pressure pin or finger 17. The device 36 isreturned 'to and held in normal positionby a spring 40 which at one endis connected with said device and at the other endpresses against a pin41" projecting from the arm 24". Said spring normally presses saiddevice into engagement with an adjustable stop screw 42" which isthreaded through a bracket 43 of the arm 24". lVhen a key is depressed,the arm 24" is rocked forward, moving the stepping dog out of engagementwith the rack and moving the dog 46" into engagement with said rack..

At the same time, the pressure pin 47 is moved into'engagement with acooperating ressui'e member 61 having an inclined surace. In the presentinstance, this cooper- 4 atmg pressure member consists of a portion ofthe feed rack which is beveled or inclined as shown in F ig.-19. Thepressure finger 47 is situated above and to the left of the pivot screw38", so that, whenthe device 7 '3 turns about said pivot screw, saidressure finger moves in an upwardly inc incd arc, It is obvious that inthus moving, the pressure finger will be guided by the inclined face ofthe part 61, which will force the pressure finger and with it thedogrocker toward the back of the machine. It is also obvious that theparts will be held against such motion as long as the pressure on thefinger keyis maintained, and that they will be free to move the instantsuch pressure is removed. The operation is similar in principle to thatof the first form.

The rack 60 may or may not be pivotally connected with the carriage. Ifsaid rack is pivoted, any suitable means may be providod forloclringsaid rack in its normal position to prevent it from being raisedby the pressure pin 47". The member 36 is in effect an angledlever-having the holding dog 46 on one arm thereof and the pressure pinor finger 47 on another arm thereof. This lover is pivoted to the dogcarrier on an axis which is substantially parallel with the direction ofmotion. of said dog carrier and with the axis of the esca e ment wheel.It will be perceived that wiien the dog 46 is in engagement with theescapement wheel, the carriage is held against motion b the pressuremember's acting through this ever.

While I have shown and described several modifications of my invention,it will be understood that various other changes in the details ofconstruction and arrangement may be made without departing from the gistof my improvements.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1'; In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage, ofescapement mechanism comprising a rack; key-controlled dogs cooperatingwith said rack; and a pair of members one of which is pressed by the keyinto engagement with the other while the dog which is in engagement withthe rack is maintained against lateral movement toward a tooth of saidrack, said rack being held against motion by such pressure of one ofsaid members against the other.

2. An escapement mechanism, comprising in combination a feed rack, a dognormally out of engagement with said rack, a pressure I the motion ofsaid dog into engagement with said rack. v 1

3. An escapement-mechanism comprisin in combination a feed rack; a dogmoun formotion toward and from said feed rack and also mounted formotion with said feed raclgmeans for moving said dog at right angles tosaid rack to bring the'dog into engagement with said rack; and meanscompr sing an inclined surface for uidmg sald dog away from said rack inan o lique path, such that as said dog moves away from said rack it alsomoves with said rack.

4. An escapement mechanism comprising in combination a feed rackprovided with an inclined surface; a dog cooperating with said feedrack; and a pressure member connected with said dog and adapted to bepressed against said inclined surface when a key is depressed.

An cscapement mechanism comprising in combination a feed rack; a dogcooperating with said rack; means for moving said dog directlytowardsaid rack; and a part having an inclined surface for guiding saiddog away from said rack in an oblique path.

(3. In an oscapcmcnt mechanism, the combination with an escapcmcnt rackanda'dog carrier. of two dogs each movable with said dog carrier towardand from said rack and each movable relatively to said dog carrier inthe direction of the feed of the rack; and means for momentarily holdingone of said dogs against motion in the direction of feed when said dogis in engagement with said rack. said means including a pressure memberconnected with said dog and a cooperating part having an inclinedsurface across which said pressure mend er is arranged to lllUYt.

T. An escapement mechanism comprising in combination an esea'pementwheel; a rotary part connected with said wheel and having afrusto-eonical surface; a dog having a pressure men'iber adapted toengage said frusto-conical surface; and means foi' moving said dog intoand out of engagement. with said escapement wheel.

8. An escapement mechanism comprising in combination an escapementrack;a part mounted to move with said escapement rack, said part having aninclined surface; a dog having a pressure member adapted to engage saidinclined surface; and means for moving said dog into and out ofengagement with said rack.

9. An escapement mechanism comprising in combination an escapement rack;a dog carrier; a dog mounted on said dog carrier with freedom of motionin the direction of feed of said feed rack; a pressure member connectedwith said dog; and a part adapted to be engaged by said pressure memberat the end of the movement of said dog into engagement with said rackand to guide said dog in its motion out of engagement with said rack tomove in an oblique path.

10. In an escapement mechanism, the combination with the escapementraek;of a dog carrier;-a stepping dog mounted on said dog carrier; a seconddog mounted on said dog carrier with freedomof motion in the directionof feed of said rack; a pressure member connected to'said second dog;"and a part adapted to be engaged by said pressure member to momentarilyhold said second dog against motion in the direction of feed of saidrack when said second dog is in engagement with said rack, and having aminclined surface for guiding the return motion of said second dog in anoblique path.

11. In a typmvriting machine the combination of a carriage; a rack barmounted on said carriage; a rotary shaft geared .to said rack bar; ancscapcment wheel mounted on said sliat't;.a wheel having afrusto-conical surlace'rigidly mountcd on said shal't a key controlleddog carricr having a stepping dog mounted thcrcon; a second dogpivotally mounted on said dog carrier so as to be tree to move with saidescapcmcnt wliccl: a pressure member connected with said second dog andadapted to engage said i'rnsto-conical surface; and a returning vspring{or the said second-dog.

nation with a power driven carriage, of esvcapement mechanism comprisinga rack, a

dog carrier, means for moving said dog carrier in a directionsubstantially at right angles to the direction of feed ofsaid rack, aholding dog pivotally mounted on said dog carrier and having its pivotalaxis substantially parallel to the direction of motion of said dogcarrier; a spring pressing said dog in a direct-ion the opposite of thatin which the rack moves, and means for arresting and retaining saidholding dog in rack-holding position until the depressed finger key isreleased. i

13. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a power drivencarriage and keys, of escapement mechanism comprising a feed rack, a dogcarrier, a dog pivotally mounted on said dog carrier with its pivotalaxis substantially parallel with the direction of motion of said dogcarrier, and means for guiding the motion of said dog away from saidrack in an oblique. path.

14. An escapement mechanism comprising in combination a feed rack; alever mounted for bodily motion toward and from said rack and having onone arm thereof a dog which cooperates-With said rack and on another armthereof a pressure device; and means comprising an inclined surfacewhich is engaged by said pressure device when said dog is in engagementwith said rack, whereby said dog is guided away from said rack in anoblique path.

15. An escapement mechanism comprising inicoinbination a feed rackprovided with an inclined surface; and a lever. mounted f r bodily'motion toward and from said l Cl and having on one arm thereof a dogwhich cooperates with said rack and on another arm thereof a pressuremember adapted to bepressed against said inclined surface when a key isdepressed.

16. In a typewriting machine, the combination of keys; a carriage, andescapement' mechanism comprising a feed rack for said carriage; akey-controllyl lever mounted for bodily motion toward 2nd from said rackand for rocking motion in the direction of feed-of said rack; a dog onone arm of said lover;- a pressure device on another arm of said lever;and a part. having an inclined surface which is engaged by said pressuredevice when :1 hey is'deprcsscd, whereby said level is momentarily heldagainst. rocking, and said inclined surt'aee acting as a guide For saidpressure device while the dog is moving out of engagement with the rack.

17. An escapement mechanism comprising in combination an escapementwheel; a rotary part connected with said wheel and having afrusto-conicai surface; a lever having on one arm thereol adog whichcooperates with said cscapement wheel and on the other a pressure deviceadapted to engage said frusto-conical surface; and means for .movingsaid lever bodily toward and from said escapement Wheel and said rotarypart.

18. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a power-drivencarriage, of a feed-rack, two feed dogs adapted-to cooper-v ate withsaid rack, both of said dogs being spring pressed in a directionopposite to that in which said feed rack moves, and means includingcooperating pressure members, one of which is'inclined for holding oneof said dogs against motion with said feed rack when a key is depressedand for said dogs, and an 'inclined surface that is engaged by way fromsaid rack in an said pressure member when said dog 15 in engagement withsaid feed rack and that guides said pressure member away from said feedrack in anoblique path.

20. In a typewriting machine, the combination of apower driven carriage,a feed rack, two feed dogs adapted to cooperate with said feed rack,both of said feed dogs being spring pressed in a direction theoppositeof that in which said feed rack i'noves, two pressure members,one of which is mounted on one of said dogs and one of which isinclined, said pressure members cooperating when said dog is inengagement with the feed rack and guiding said dog in an obliquepath asit moves out'of engage- 'ment with said feed rack.

21. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation with keys and a carriage,of escapement mechanism comprising a rack, a dogrocker, a holding dogmounted. on said dogrocker and movable into and out of engagement withsaid rack; said holding dog being movable on said dog-rocker in thedirection of feed movement of operating said rack, and two copressuremembers, one of which is power driven carriage, a feed 4 i 1 7 connectedwith said holdlng dog and comes into contact with the other at the endof the motion of said holding dog into engagement with the rack, saidpressure members preventing inotion of said holding do with said rackuntil the depressed key is re eased. 22. In a typewriting machine, thecombiis connected with said holding dog and the other of which isconnected with said rack, said pressure members being pressed intoengagementby force derived from a key and serving to prevent the holdingdog from moving with the rack until the, key is released.

23. An escapement mechanism, comprising in combination a feed rack, adog normally out of engagemei'it with said rack and mounted for motionin two directions, a pressure member connected ,with said dog, and amember having an iiicliiied surface which is engaged by said pressuremember when said dog is in engagement with said rack, the constructionand arrangement being such that said pressure member comes into contactwith said inclined .surface at the end of the motion of said dog intoengagement with said rack.

24. An escapement mechanism comprising in combination a feed rackprovided with an inclined surface; a dog cooperating with said feed rackand mounted for motion in two directions; and a pressure memberconnected with said dog and adapted to be pressed against said inclinedsurface when a key is depressed.

Signed at the borough'of Manhattan, of New York, in the county of NewYork, and State of New York, this 14th day of November A. D. 1904.

Jason FELBEL.

city

